Detail Cantuman

Optimasi Konsentrasi Nitrogen dan Kalium pada Pembentukan
Umbi Mikro Kentang Secara In Vitro
Dibimbing oleh Ir. Djenal, MP
Indah Nurjannah
Program Studi Teknologi Produksi Tanaman Pangan
Jurusan Produksi Pertanian
ABSTRAK
Umbi mikro kentang merupakan propagul yang potensial dan banyak memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan dengan stek mikro (planlet). Keuntungan umbi mikro yaitu efisien dalam hal penyimpanan, transportasi dan penanganan serta bebas pathogen. Komposisi media khususnya unsur hara memiliki peranan penting dalam induksi dan perkembangan umbi mikro kentang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memanipulasi konsentrasi nitrogen dan kalium agar pembentukan umbi mikro kentang lebih cepat serta dihasilkan umbi mikro yang besar sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai benih. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium kultur jaringan Politeknik Negeri Jember mulai bulan September – Desember 2017. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor pertama konsentrasi nitrogen (NH4NO3) terdiri dari tiga taraf (825 mg/l, 1650 mg/l dan 2475 mg/l). Faktor kedua konsentrasi kalium (KH2PO4) terdiri dari empat taraf (85 mg/l, 170 mg/l, 255 mg/l, dan 340 mg/l). Stek mikro buku tunggal ditumbuhkan pada media MS padat dengan 8 g/l agar, gula 80 g/l, 5 ml/l BAP, 0,1 ml/l IAA, dan konsentrasi nitrogen dan kalium yang berbeda selama 12 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konsentrasi optimal pada interaksi nitrogen dan kalium yang memberikan hasil terbaik untuk parameter bobot umbi dan diameter umbi. Umbi mikro yang dihasilkan dari perlakuan 825 mg/l NH4NO3 dan 225 mg/l KH2PO4 merupakan umbi dengan diameter dan bobot paling tinggi serta memenuhi kriteria umbi yang dapat digunakan sebagai benih.
Kata Kunci : Nitrogen, Kalium, Kentang, Umbi Mikro.
ix
Optimization of Nitrogen and Potassium Concentration on In Vitro Microtuberization of Potato
Supervised by Ir. Djenal, MP
Indah Nurjannah
Crop Production Technology
Majoring of Agricultural Production
ABSTRACT
Microtuber of potato is a potential propagule and has many advantages because microtubers are efficient in terms of storage, and are easier to transport and to handle than planlets, and also free of pathogens. Composition of medium especially nutrients has an important role in the induction and development of microtuber. This research was conducted by manipulating concentration of nitrogen and potassium in order to produce microtuber more quickly and large microtuber so that can be used as a see. This research was conducted at tissue culture laboratory State Polytechnic of Jember. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design consist of two factors/treatment, each with three replication. First factor was nitrogen (NH4NO3) concentration consist of three levels (825 mg/l, 1650 mg/l and 2475 mg/l). Second factor was potassium (KH2PO4) concentration consist of four levels (85 mg/l, 170 mg/l, 255 mg/l, and 340 mg/l). Single-node cutting of potato cultured in solid MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with 8 g/ l agar, 80 g/l sucrose, 5 ml/l BAP, 0,1 ml/l IAA and with different concentration of nitrogen and potassium as same as with treatment for 12 weeks. The results showed that there was an optimal concentration on nitrogen and potassium interaction which gave the best result for tuber weight and tuber diameter. Microtuber that produced from treatment of 825 mg/l NH4NO3 and 225 mg/l KH2PO4 was largest tuber diameter and heaviest tuber weight wich fulfill tuber criteria that can be used as a seed.
Keywords : Nitrogen, Potassium, Potato, Microtuber.